COM.on C.A.3:e9/77-84     Online published on Aug.7, 2009.
doi:10.4236/coca.2009.31009
REPORT
 Dental Traits in Five Chinese Minorities in Yunnan Province

KANAZAWA Eisaku1, SATAKE Takashi1, SASAKI Kayoko1, MATSUNO Masanobu1, IGARASHI Yuriko1, NAKAYAMA Mitsuko1, Roshan PEIRIS2, TAKAHASHI Masami3, ITO Yasushi1, ITO Kanae1, GUO Dalie4, JI Xueping5, MA Jing6

1. Department of Anatomy and Physical Anthropology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Matsudo 271-8785 Japan; 2. Department of Anatomy, School of Dentistry, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya 20400 Sri Lanka; 3. Department of Anatomy, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Ishikari, Hokkaido 061-0293 Japan; 4. Yunnan Nationality Association, Lijiang 674100 China; 5. Department of Palaeobiology, Yunnan Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, Kunming 650118 China; 6. Department of Anthropology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650031 China

Chinese translator: LU Yan, MOE Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433 China

ABSTRACT: Metric and non-metric characters in Chinese minorities have not been fully studied. In this paper, we described the tooth sizes and the frequencies of these characters among five minorities in Yunnan Province, Dai, Hani, Naxi, Pumi, and Miao, and searched for their affinity to the populations in the neighboring areas. Dental impressions of young adults in these five minorities were taken from 2000 to 2007. Mesiodistal and buccolingual diameters of all teeth were measured, and frequencies of 17 dental traits were recorded based on the method of Arizona State University Dental Anthropology System. The results were compared with the previously reported dental anthropological data of the East Asian populations. Metric study revealed that average tooth size of Miao was smallest among the five minorities. A principal coordinate analysis based on Smith’s Mean Measure of Divergence using the frequencies of 17 traits suggested that the five minorities were closely related as a single group and belonged to the Sundadont dentition category, but positioned close to the Sinodont groups. Although anthropological and linguistic studies suggest that the Hani, Naxi, and Pumi are closely related to the Tibetans and that the Dai and Miao have close affinity to Southeast Asians, it was difficult to separate these five minorities into two groups. The position of these minorities in the Mean Measure of Divergence plot suggested that they were originally derived from South Asia or Tibet, but probably affected by other Sinodont tribes such as the Han in their vicinity.

Key words: Dental anthropology; Chinese minorities; Yunnan Province; Non-metric traits

Recieved: Jul.3, 2009   Accepted: Jul. 14,2009  Corresponding: kanazawa.eisaku@nihon-u.ac.jp

《现代人类学通讯》第三卷e9篇 第77-84页  2009年8月7日网上发行

研究报告

中国云南省五个少数民族人群的牙齿性状

金泽英作1，佐竹隆1，佐佐木佳世子1，松野昌展1，五十岚由里子1，中山光子1，裴瑞·柔山2，高桥昌己3，伊藤泰司1，伊藤哉江1，郭大烈4，吉学平5，马京6

1.日本大学松戸齿学部解剖人类形态学讲座,日本 松户 271-8785; 2.派剌代尼亚大学齿学部解剖学系, 斯里兰卡 派剌代尼亚 20400; 3.北海道医疗大学齿学部解剖学讲座, 日本 北海道 石狩 061-0293; 4.云南省民族学会纳西族研究会,丽江 674100; 5.云南省文物考古研究所古人类研究部, 昆明 650118; 6.云南大学人类学系, 昆明 650031

翻译：陆艳，复旦大学生命科学学院现代人类学教育部重点实验室，上海200433

　

摘要：中国的少数民族人群中测量和非测量的特性尚未有过全面的研究。本文通过测量少数民族人群的牙齿尺寸和计算这些尺寸的出现率借以研究他们与当地其他群体的相互关系。在2000年至2007年，我们收集了云南省的傣族、哈尼族、纳西族、普米族和苗族这5个少数民族的的亲壮年的牙模，测量了所有牙齿的近远中径和颊舌直径，并对亚利桑那州立大学牙齿人类学标准系统中的17个牙齿性状频率进行观察记录。与先前亚洲群体的研究结果比较，苗族牙齿大小是5个民族中最小的。用17个性状的出现率的史密斯平均差异度进行主成分分析结果显示，这5个民族聚类在一起，属于巽他型齿的范畴，但在位置上更接近中国型齿。虽然人类学和语言学上的研究认为哈尼族、纳西族和普米族更接近于藏族，而傣族和苗族与东南亚的亲缘关系较近，但现在把他们分为两个组还是比较困难。5个少数民族在主成分分析图上所处的位置更支持他们起源于南亚或者西藏，并逐渐受汉族之类中国型齿民族的影响。

关键词：牙齿人类学；中国少数民族；云南省；非测量性状

收稿日期：2009年7月3日  修回日期：2009年7月14日 联系人：金泽英作 kanazawa.eisaku@nihon-u.ac.jp

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表3 中国少数民族和其他东亚群体的样本数和牙齿性状量的出现率

Tab.3  Sample sizes and dental trait frequencies (%) in Chinese minorities and other East Asians [XLS]

　

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