COMonCA2009013

COM.on C.A.3:e13/110-113 Online published on Nov.30, 2009.
doi:10.4236/coca.2009.31013

REVIEW
Obstacles to Integration with the Subjects during Field Work of Cultural Anthropologists

ZHU Jianmin

Department of Political Science, School of International Relations and Public Affairs, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China

ABSTRACT: Field work of culture anthropologists is usually a certain survey in some unacquainted tribes. However, the habits, behaviors, or customs of the subject tribes are always different from those of the investigators coming from a totally different society, causing the “obstacle to integration” for the cultural anthropologists, and hindering the establishing of friendly partnership between anthropologists and local people. In this paper, we listed some social obstacles the cultural anthropologists may face during field work, and indicated that those obstacles may result from the differences of interaction symbols in various societies according to the “symbolic interaction theory”. We also summed up the methods for anthropologists to integrate with the subjects, e.g., seeking the helps from the introducers, taking part in the local social activities, being members of the local clans, etc. We hope the tips above may help the practicing explorers engaged in the relevant field work.

Key words: Cultural anthropology; Fieldwork survey; Obstacles to integration

初探文化人类学家田野调查中的融入障碍

朱健敏

复旦大学国际关系与公共事务学院政治学系，上海200433

摘要：文化人类学家在田野调查中，常需要进入陌生部族进行考察。但由于考察者和被考察者来自不同的社会，生活习惯、行为和习俗等都存在重大的差异，文化人类学家通常都会遭遇“融入障碍”，即难以和被考察者建立相对融洽的合作关系。本文首先运用“符号互动理论”对文化人类学家所遭遇的社会交往障碍进行了社会学意义上的分析，指出这是由于不同社会之间的互动符号不同所致。然后将重点放在研究文化人类学家在融入时实际采取的方法，包括借助中间人层层引荐、参加当地部族的集体活动和融入当地人的氏族社会等，以期能对初次参与相关工作的考察者有所帮助。

关键词：文化人类学；田野调查；融入障碍

收稿日期：2009年11月22日 修回日期：2009年11月24日 联系人：朱健敏 08300170066@fudan.edu.cn

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