COM.on C.A.4:e32/186-187   Online published on Dec.16, 2010.
doi:10.4236/coca.2010.41032
PROCEEDING
 Small mammals from the early Pleistocene of Sima del Elefante site, Atapuerca, Burgos, Spain, and the age of the first hominids of Western Europe

Gloria CUENCA-BESCÓS1, Juan M. LÓPEZ-GARCÍA2, Hugues-A. BLAIN2, Juan Luis ARSUAGA3, José María BERMÚDEZ DE CASTRO4, Eudald CARBONEL2, Raquel RABAL-GARCÉS1, Victor SAUQUÉ1, Juan ROFES1

1. Área de Paleontología, Dpto, Ciencias de la Tierra, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50009 Spain; 2. Àrea de Prehistòria de la Universitat Rovira i Virgili (IPHES), Tarragona 43005 Spain; 3. Centro de Investigación (UCM-ISCIII) sobre la Evolución, y Comportamiento Humanos, Madrid 28029 Spain; 4. Centro Nacional de Investigación sobre la Evolución Humana, Burgos 09004 Spain.

ABSTRACT:  The Sierra de Atapuerca sites in Burgos, Spain (Fig.1), are well known since they have provided the first palaeontological and archaeological record of early Pleistocene Europeans in Western Europe. These human fossil remains are well documented in the so called “Trinchera” localities, a cluster of ancient caves filled-up with cave sediments dissected and uncovered by an ancient railway trench constructed by the end of the XIX century. Amid the Trinchera localities with the fossils of the first Europeans, the Gran Dolina and the Sima del Elefante sites, we will provide a biostratigraphic sketch of the Sima del Elefante site. The locality yielded the first fossils of a Homo species at the level TE9 in 2007[1]. The site is a cave opening of the Galería Baja (Fig. 1) infill with 25 m of cave sediments ordered in at least 21 stratigraphic levels. The lower levels, known as the Sima del Elefante Lower Red Unit, comprise levels TE 7 to TE14. The small mammal assemblages of the levels TE 7 and TE 14 are characterized by the red-toothed shrews Assoriculus giberodon and Beremendia fissidens, the white-toothed shrew Crocidura kornfeldi, the talpids Galemys cf. kormosi and Talpa cf. uropaea, the erinaceid Erinaceus cf. praeglacialis; the rodents Allophaiomys lavocati, A. burgondiae, A. nutiensis, Arvicola jacobaeus, Ungaromys nanus, Pliomys cf. P. simplicior, Castillomys rivas, and Apodemus aff. sylvaticus. This faunal assemblage correlates levels TE 7 to TE 14with other South-European localities, pre-Jaramillo in age, like Bagur 2, Fuentenueva 3, Barranco León, Les Valerots, Le Vallonnet, Pietrafitta, or Monte Peglia[2-6].

Recieved: Oct.10, 2010   Accepted: Dec.2, 2010  Corresponding: cuencag@unizar.es

《现代人类学通讯》第四卷e32篇 第186-187页  2010年12月16日网上发行

会议摘要

埃勒芬特裂谷遗址(西班牙布尔戈斯省阿塔坡卡)更新世早期的小型哺乳动物和西欧早期古人类的年代

格罗瑞•昆卡-贝格1, 胡安-M•罗佩-加西亚2, 胡古斯-A•布兰2, 胡安-路易斯•阿刷加3, 约瑟-玛丽亚•百慕大-德-卡斯特罗4, 优达•卡波内尔2, 瑞奎•瑞巴-加色1, 维克多•肖奎1, 胡安•若非1

1.萨拉戈萨大学地学系古生物学组，西班牙 萨拉戈萨 50009；2.洛维拉维吉利大学史前学组， 西班牙 塔拉戈纳 43005；3.进化与人类行为研究中心，西班牙 马德里 28029；4.国家人类进化研究中心，西班牙 布尔戈斯 09004

摘要：西班牙布尔戈斯省的阿塔坡卡遗址(图1)，因发现西欧地区第一批更新世早期欧洲人的古生物学和考古学材料而举世闻名。在一个称为“特林切拉”的地方完好地保存了这些人类化石的遗骸。在特林切拉，有一系列堆积了沉积物的洞穴，这些洞穴在十九世纪后期一条铁路的挖掘过程中被发现。在特林切拉，有两个发现最早欧洲人的遗址-格兰多林(Gran Dolina)和埃勒芬特裂谷(Sima del Elefante)，我们提供了埃勒芬特裂谷遗址生物地层草图。在2007年，这个地方的TE9地位层发现了一个人类物种的第一块化石[1]。这个遗址是下加莱里亚(Galería Baja)(图1)的硐室，被填满了23米厚，包含了至少21个地位层的沉积物。被称为埃勒芬特裂谷上红层的较低的那一层，由TE7至TE14地位层构成。TE7和TE14地位层的小型哺乳动物主要是红齿鼩鼱亚科的激暴异长尾鼩Assoriculus giberodon和粗尾贝列门德鼩Beremendia fissidens，白齿鼩鼱亚科的田麝鼩Crocidura kornfeldi，鼹鼠类的小鼬鼹Galemys cf. kormosi和欧鼹Talpa cf. europaea, 刺猥类的前冰河刺猬Erinaceus cf. praeglacialis; 啮齿动物类的拉瓦异费鼠Allophaiomys lavocati、勃艮第异费鼠A. burgondiae、丰异费鼠A. nutiensis、雅各布烟鼠Arvicola jacobaeus、矮昂伽鼠Ungaromys nanus、简上鼠Pliomys cf. simplicior、锐瓦卡斯蒂罗鼠Castillomys rivas和小林姬鼠Apodemus aff. sylvaticus。在其他南欧的遗址中也有类似于TE7 至TE14 地层的动物区系的集中，例如：巴固儿2、新源头3、狮子谷, 莱斯瓦隆若、勒瓦隆纳、皮查费塔、配格里山[2-6]。

收稿日期： 2010年10月10日  修回日期： 2010年12月2日 联系人：格罗瑞•昆卡-贝格 cuencag@unizar.es
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