LU Yan, LI Hui
MOE Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433 China
ABSTRACT: Altaic, Uralic, and Yeniseian are three main ethnic families distributed in the north of the Eurasia. Some anthropologists also think that these people are related to the Sino-Tibetan people in East Asia. Some similarities were found among Altaic and Sino-Tibetan languages by comparing the core word components. There were also linguistic studies suggesting Yeniseian and Sino-Tibetan languages might have a common origin. In the genetics aspects, the Y chromosome phylogeny is reconstructed to afford higher resolution of population history. A recent study indicated that Y chromosome haplogroup N, which is dominant in Uralic populations inhabiting North and East Europe, originated in southwestern part of East Asia. Another Y lineage, haplogroup Q reached its highest frequencies in Eurasia among Kets (~95%), a Yeniseian population. Another study of haplogroup R, prevalent in the western branch of Altaic Turkic populations, implied a possible origin of R1b1b1 in East Asia. As the ancestral lineage of Q and R, haplogroup P might have migrated northward via East Asia. Taken all these together, we speculate that the Y chromosome lineages of Altaic, Uralic and Yeniseian might have originated from Sino-Tibetan populations. And the eastern valleys of the Tibetan Plateau are most likely the place of origin. People living in North Asia and North Europe might have a genetic affinity with the ancestor of Sino-Tibetans.
Recieved: Oct.10, 2010 Accepted: Dec.2, 2010 Corresponding: qtswallow@gmail.com
《现代人类学通讯》第四卷e39篇 第197页 2010年12月16日网上发行
会议摘要
从Y染色体的角度看阿尔泰、乌拉尔和叶尼塞族群的东亚起源
陆艳,李辉
复旦大学生命科学学院现代人类学教育部重点实验室,上海200433
摘要:阿尔泰、乌拉尔和叶尼塞是分布在欧亚大陆北部的三大族系。有观点认为这三个族系早期可能与东亚的汉藏族系有关。在语言学研究中,通过比较核心同源词比例,发现阿尔泰语系与汉藏语系有相似之处。同时也有观点认为叶尼塞语系和汉藏语系可能同源。在遗传学方面,Y染色体谱系构建能够更容易的解析群体历史。对北欧和东欧的乌拉尔语系人群的Y染色体研究发现,单倍群N为这些人群中最常见的Y染色体类型,起源于东亚的西南部。Y染色体单倍群Q是叶尼塞语系人群的主要类型,在叶尼塞的愒语支人群中的分布达到95%的高频。R型在阿尔泰语系西支突厥人群中也很常见,有研究指出R的下游单倍群R1b1b起源于东亚。Q型和R型共同的上游类型是P型,单倍群P也是经由东亚北上的。因此我们推测欧亚大陆的阿尔泰、乌拉尔、叶尼塞族系的Y染色体类型可能都起源于东亚的汉藏族系,青藏高原东侧河谷地区最可能是这四大族系的发源地,北亚、北欧群体和汉藏的共同祖先群体有着密切的遗传关系。