COM.on C.A.2:e5/30-35 Online published on Aug. 20, 2008.
doi:10.4236/coca.2008.21005
REVIEW
 Evolution and Variation of Tooth Morphology and its Application in Human Population Phylogenetic Studies
HONG Shengjun, TAN Jingze
MOE Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433 China

ABSTRACT: As an important research material, the human tooth shape is widely studied in many aspects of anthropology, for instance, demonstrating the relationships of human populations by exploring the evolution and variation of their teeth. The human population relationships are mostly focused on in the field of dental anthropology, measuring by the geographic distribution of the metrical or non-metrical traits of the teeth. As the non-metrical traits are usually less affected by the environment factors than the metrical traits, researchers used to analyze the distribution of the non-metrical traits, such as Shovel UI1, Double Shovel UI1, and P/R/CA UM3, among human populations. In this paper, we review the present methods, recent results, and problems of these studies.
Key words: Non-metrical traits of teeth; Geographic distribution; Human population relationships

Recieved: Jul.2, 2008 Accepted: Aug. 19,2008 Corresponding: shengjun.hong2008@gmail.com

《现代人类学通讯》第二卷e5篇 第30-35页 2008年8月20日网上发行
特约综述

牙齿形态特征的演化与变异在人类族群关系研究中的应用

洪胜君，谭婧泽

复旦大学现代人类学教育部重点实验室，上海 200433

摘要：牙齿作为人类学研究的重要材料之一，被广泛地应用于人类学研究的众多领域，如通过牙齿的演化和变异来研究人类族群间的关系。目前这方面的研究主要通过分析和比较不同人群在牙齿形态特征(非测量特征)和测量特征等方面的相似和差异，来研究人类不同群体间的亲缘关系。由于牙齿的非测量形态特征相之于测量特征受到环境因素的影响相对较小，故而更多的研究着重于牙齿的非测量形态特征，如铲形门齿、双铲形门齿、上颌第三臼齿退化等在不同人群中出现频率的分布差异。本文对牙齿形态特征的演化规律和变异类型，以及已有的研究方法和结果进行了综述，同时也讨论了其中的一些缺点和不足。

关键词：牙齿形态特征；分布差异；人类族群关系

收稿日期：2008年7月2日 修回日期：2008年8月19日 联系人:洪胜君 shengjun.hong2008@gmail.com

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