COM.on C.A.4:e20/125-128   Online published on Dec.9, 2010.
doi:10.4236/coca.2010.41020
ARGUMENT
Impact of Sex Chromosomes upon the Human Gender Roles

YU Xiaomin

State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433 China

ABSTRACT:  According to the definition by psychologists, gender role is that male or female in certain social groups takes up appropriate position and its fixed behavior pattern confined by the social group. This paper analyzed on the gender discrepancies in social performance and its biological mechanism, namely, differences on sex chromosomes affect predominantly in the roles of the genders.

Key words: Gender differences; Gender role; Sex chromosomes

Recieved: Nov.23, 2010   Accepted: Dec.7, 2010  Corresponding: 09210700077@fudan.edu.cn


《现代人类学通讯》第四卷e20篇 第125-128页  2010年12月9日网上发行

热点争议

性染色体基因的差异对人类性别角色的影响

于晓敏

复旦大学 生命科学学院 遗传工程国家重点实验室,上海 200433

摘要:心理学家将“性别角色”定义为属于特定性别的个体在一定的社会和群体中占有的适当位置,及其被该社会和群体规定了的行为模式。本文分析男女两性在社会表现中的差异,以及这种差异形成的生物机制,即男女性染色体的不同在男女性别角色中起主导作用。

关键词男女差异;性别角色;性染色体

 

收稿日期: 2010年11月23日  修回日期: 2010年12月7日 联系人:于晓敏 09210700077@fudan.edu.cn
全文链接 Full text: [PDF]

参考文献 References

1. 曾海田(2005)论性别角色观念和男女平等.西华大学学报(哲学社会科学版)(1):93-96.
2. 时蓉华(1991)现代社会心理学.上海:上海人民出版社.
3. 齐小苗(2009)男女大脑发育差异与两性平等.科学新闻双周刊(21):19.
4. 陈熙熙,苏彦捷(2004)大脑功能侧化的心理学研究及分子和细胞神经生物学依据.中国神经科学杂志20(2):174-179.
5. 邹吉林,王美芳,曹仁艳,闫秀梅(2009)性别发展的生物学取向研究述评.心理科学进展17:973-982.
6. 周作民(2000)人类Y染色体的遗传特性.中华男科学6:211-218.
7. Rozen S, Skaletsky H, Marszalek JD, Minx PJ, Cordum HS, Waterston RH, Wilson RK, Page DC (2003) Abundant gene conversion between arms of palindromes in human and ape Y chromosomes. Nature 423:873-876.
8. Tiepolo L, Zuffardi O (1976) Localination of factors controlling spermatogenesis in the nonfluorescent portion of the human Y chromosome long arm. Hum Genet 34:119-124.
9. Sinclair AH, Berta P, Palmer MS (1990) A gene from the human sex determining region encodes a protein with homology to a conserved DNA-binding motif. Nature 346:240.
10. Skaletsky H, Kuroda-Kawaguchi T, Minx PJ, Cordum HS, Hillier L, Brown LG, Repping S, Pyntikova T, Ali J, Bieri T, Chinwalla A, Delehaunty A, Delehaunty K, Du H, Fewell G, Fulton L, Fulton R, Graves T, Hou SF, Latrielle P, Leonard S, Mardis E, Maupin R, McPherson J, Miner T, Nash W, Nguyen C, Ozersky P, Pepin K, Rock S, Rohlfing T, Scott K, Schultz B, Strong C, Tin-Wollam A, Yang SP, Waterston RH, Wilson RK, Rozen S, Page DC (2003) The male-specific region of the human Y chromosome is a mosaic of discrete sequence classes. Nature 423:825-837.
11.Check E (2005) Genetics: The X factor. Nature 434:266-267.
12. Ross MT, Grafham DV, Coffey AJ (2005) The DNA sequence of the human X chromosome. Nature 434:325-337.
13. Gunter C (2005) Genome biology-She moves in mysterious ways. Nature 434:279-280.
14. Avner P, Heard E (2001) X-chromosome inactivation: counting, choice and initiation. Nat Rev Genet 2:59-61.
15.Carrel L, Willard HF (2005) X-inactivation profile reveals extensive variability in X-linked gene expression in females. Nature 434:400-404.